Alternative treatment methods

Numerous alternative therapies are used to improve sexual function. Some include: niacin, zinc,copper, Korean red ginseng root, ginkgo, pine bark, Tribulus terrestris, arginine, Avena sativa,horny goat weed, maca root, muira puama, saw palmetto, and Swedish flower pollen. None of these however have been recognized as effective by the FDA. While zinc deficiency may be a cause of lower testosterone levels in hemodialysis patients, which may benefit from zinc supplementation, such supplements have no effect on the testosterone levels of healthy males who consume a zinc-sufficient diet.